Lub tub yees kev lag luam yog nyob rau CUSP ntawm qhov tseem ceeb hloov pauv ntawm 2025 thiab 2030. Nrog kev txwv nruj ib puag ncig thiab kev ua kom nruj kev cai, cov toj roob hauv pes ntawm cov tub yees tau hloov kho sai heev. Kev hloov pauv ntawm HFCS cov tub yees mus rau cov tub yees ua kom muaj kev cuam tshuam thoob ntiaj teb, uas yuav tsum tau txo qis kev hloov pauv ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm huab cua thiab tiv thaiv txheej ozone.
Cov xwm txheej tam sim no ntawm HFCS cov tub yees
Dominance nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam tam sim no
Hfcs tub yees tau yog cov tub yees tseem ceeb hauv cov tub rog tsis ntev los no. Lawv tau hloov chlorofluorocarbons (CFCS) thiab HCFCs Hydroforofluorocarbons raws li teb rau qhov teeb meem ozone - depetion teeb meem. HFCS cov roj muaj xoom ozone - depetion muaj peev xwm (ODP), uas yog qhov txiaj ntsig loj. Hauv huab cua - kev ua lag luam tub yees, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv thaj chaw thiab kev lag luam cua - txias, HFCS tsev cog khoom roj li R32, R125, thiab cov R134A tau siv dav. Piv txwv li, R32 tau dhau los ua cov kev xaiv nrov nyob rau hauv huab cua nrov nyob rau hauv ntau lub zog ua haujlwm thiab qis zog - muaj peev xwm ua kom sov (GWP) piv rau qee qhov HFCS cov tub yees.Kawm ntxiv txog R32~
Looming cov nyom rau HFCS
Txawm li cas los xij, Hfcs tub yees yog tam sim no nyob rau hauv kev tshuaj ntsuam vim lawv siab GWP. GWP ntawm qee cov pa roj HFCS tuaj yeem ua tau ntau txhiab zaus uas ntawm cov pa roj carbon dioxide. Piv txwv li, R410a, ib feem ntau siv hfcs hauv cov huab cua - txias, muaj cov neeg siv khoom ntawm HFCS, hauv lub ntiaj teb tsim khoom rau HFCS raws cov Montreal raws tu qauv. Qhov kev hloov kho no muaj lub hom phiaj rau theem cia kev tsim khoom thiab kev noj hfcs thoob plaws. Los ntawm 2029, Tuam Tshoj yuav tsum tau txiav HFC ntau lawm los ntawm 10%, thiab los ntawm 2033, nws yuav txwv kiag li kev muag khoom ntawm HFCS rau tsis yog - tog teb chaws.
Qhov sawv ntawm cov tub yees ntoo
Hom thiab lawv cov txiaj ntsig
Cov tub yees ntoo uas zoo li cov pa roj carbon dioxide (CO₂), propane (R290), thiab ammonia (nh₃ uas yog cov kev xaiv muaj zog rau HFCS cov tub yees.
Cov pa roj carbon dioxide (CO₂):CO₂ muaj GWP ntawm 1, uas yog tsawg heev piv rau HFCS roj. Nws tseem tsis yog - cov nplaim taws thiab tsis yog - lom. Hauv kev ua lag luam tub yees, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv loj - nplai txias cia thiab tsev tub tub tub tub tub rog txias. Piv txwv li, qee qhov chaw nyob European tau saws cov tub yees - raws li cov tub yees kom txo lawv cov hneev taw.
EARGE (R290):R290 muaj GWP ntawm tsuas yog 3. Nws yog lub ntuj hydrocarbon tub yees nrog cov khoom siv ua kom zoo tshaj plaws. Nyob rau hauv huab cua - txias sector, txawm hais tias nws cov nplaim taws (cais raws li A3) ua rau muaj kev sib tw, nrog kev ntsuas kev nyab xeeb, nrog siv hauv cov ntawv thov me -. Xyoo 2022, kev kho dua ntawm IEC {60335 - 2 - 40 ed7 tus nqi rau 988 grams rau 988 grams rau 988 grams, uas yuav tsum txhawb nws txoj hauv kev siv hauv tsev neeg.
Ammonia (nh₃):Ammonia muaj GWP tsawg heev thiab muaj cov tub yees khov kho. Nws tau siv dav hauv cov tub yees muaj sijhawm ntev ntev, xws li hauv cov khoom noj loj - nplai khoom noj. Txawm li cas los xij, nws txoj kev lom zem thiab pungent tsw xav kom nruj kev nyab xeeb kev nyab xeeb cov kev cai lij choj hauv kev tuav.
Qhov cuam tshuam rau kev pab txhawb nqa dav dav
Txawm hais tias lawv ib puag ncig qhov zoo, cov tub yees cov tub yees kom hnov qee cov nyom qee cov nyom. Cov nplaim hluav taws ntawm R290 yuav tsum muaj kev nyab xeeb tshwj xeeb hauv cov cuab yeej, uas yuav ua rau tus nqi pib thawj zaug. Cov tshuab yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm ntawm kev ntsuas siab, uas xav tau ntau cov khoom siv ntau dua thiab cov khoom siv kim. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov vaj tse rau kev tsim khoom, faib khoom, thiab kev pabcuam ntawm ntuj - tub yees - raws li kev tsim tawm raws li qhov HFCS Hydrofluorocarbons.
Kev Ua Lag Luam Zoo thiab Kev Pom Zoo
Hloov pauv ntawm kev ua lag luam
Hauv lub xyoo tom ntej, kev lag luam los ntawm HFCs yuav tsum poob qis. Hauv 2025, lub ntiaj teb ntau lawm Lena ntawm HFCS tau teeb tsa ntawm 79.1 lab tons (hauv kev nce me ntsis ntawm 4.24, feem ntau yog vim muaj kev nce ob ntawm R32. Txawm li cas los xij, raws li cov theem - down cov sij hawm ntawm Kigali Cov Kev Hloov Kho Txhim Kho, tus lej no yuav txo qis. Ntawm qhov tod tes, kev ua lag luam sib koom ntawm cov tub yees ua kom cov tub yees kom loj hlob. Los ntawm 2030, nws tau kwv yees tias cov neeg tawm tsam tuaj yeem suav nrog ntau yam ntawm cov kev cai tshiab - kev teeb tsa hauv cheeb tsam nrog nruj ib puag ncig.
Cuam tshuam rau ntawm cov sib txawv
Cov huab cua - txias:Nyob rau hauv cov huab cua nyob - txias sector, uas cov account rau ib feem loj ntawm cov tub yees txias, kev hloov mus rau cov tub yees kom muaj cov txheej txheem me nyuam. R32 kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua haujlwm hauv lub sijhawm luv luv - vim nws dav dav tam sim no - sib kis siv thiab muaj lub zog zoo - kev ua tau zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, raws li cov thev naus laus zis txhim kho thiab kev txhawj xeeb txog kev nyab xeeb tau hais tawm, R290 yuav muaj kev lag luam sib koom ua lag luam ntau dua.
Cov tub yees ua lag luam:Cov neeg ua haujlwm tub yees, suav nrog cov khw muag khoom thiab txias - chaw khaws khoom, yog cov yuav muaj feem ntau - raws li lub tshuab. Cov kab ke no tuaj yeem ua tiav lub zog zoo dua - kev ua tau zoo nyob rau ntau - cov ntawv thov nqis peev, thiab ntev - cov lus them nqi txuag tau offset qhov kev nqis peev dua.
Automotive cua - txias:Nyob rau hauv ib lub tsheb kho tsheb - kev ua lag luam, qis qis - GWP cov tub yees tau raug tshawb nrhiav. HFOS (Hydrofluoroolfins) tseem nyob rau hauv kev khiav, tab sis cov tub yees ntoo uas zoo li cov kev pab cuam tshuam rau lawv cov txiaj ntsig ib puag ncig.
Cov kev tsim thev naus laus zis yooj yim rau kev hloov pauv
Kev Nyab Xeeb thiab Kev Ua Haujlwm Txhim Kho
Rau cov tub yees ntoo cov tub yees, kev tshawb fawb tau tsom rau kev txhim kho kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ua tau zoo. Xws liR290(nyem kuv rau ntau dua R290 cov ntaub ntawv), Kev Nyab Xeeb Tshiab - tswj cov thev naus laus zis tau tsim, xws li kev siv tshuab zoo dua tshiab zoo dua thiab txhim kho kev dim daws. Rau cov tshuab, nce qib hauv tshav kub - sib pauv thev naus laus zis yog ua kom txo cov kab ke kom txo cov txheej txheem siab - cov kev xav tau thiab txhim kho txhua yam ua tau zoo.
Cov Khoom Tshiab Tsim
Cov tuam txhab tsim khoom kuj tseem tsim cov khoom lag luam tshiab tshwj xeeb rau cov tub yees khoom qab. Qee lub huab cua - cov khoom tsim kho kom tsim cov r 290 - sib xyaw nrog kev ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb muaj kev nyab xeeb. Hauv kev ua lag luam tub yees tub yees, cov tuam txhab tsim cov khoom siv sib xyaw ua ke - raws li cov tshuab uas tau cog lus ntau dua thiab yooj yim dua rau nruab.
Tag
Lub sijhawm ntawm 2025 thiab 2030 yuav ua tim khawv rau kev ua haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov tub yees thoob ntiaj teb los ntawm HFCS cov tub yees mus rau cov tub yees ntoo. Cov tsav tsheb tom qab qhov kev hloov pauv no yog ib puag ncig ib puag ncig thiab kev nrhiav ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej kom muaj kev nyob zoo. Txawm hais tias HFCs tseem yuav muaj nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam, lawv cov cawv yuav tau wane. Cov chaw ua haujlwm hauv cov tub yees ntoo, nrog lawv cov peev txheej ib puag ncig, tab sis tsuas yog tias cov kev cuam tshuam tam sim no mus rau lawv kev saws me nyuam tuaj yeem ua kom muaj kev txhim kho kev txhim kho thiab kev txhim kho kev txhim kho kev txhim kho. Lub tub yees kev lag luam yog nyob ntawm ib qho kev tshuam, thiab cov kev xaiv tau ua nyob rau hauv ob peb xyoos tom ntej no thiab yav tom ntej ntawm cov tub yees thiab huab cua - txias cov nplais.
Ib-zaus tub yees txias hauv Suav teb
Xa koj qhov kev nug txog HFCS cov tub yees lossis cov tub yees rau peb!
